{"id":361637,"date":"2025-08-25T12:36:21","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T09:36:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/?p=361637"},"modified":"2025-08-25T12:36:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T09:36:21","slug":"%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/?p=361637","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361639\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361639\" style=\"width: 677px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361639\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%83%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7-1.%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%AF-2.%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"677\" height=\"476\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361639\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 (1.\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f 2.\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u00a0&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 (AA\/AAA\/D) \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 (qv)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f) \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f) \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u00a0\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361641\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361641\" style=\"width: 711px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361641\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/44-300x213.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"711\" height=\"505\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361641\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 H 1. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 H\u061b 2. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u061b 3. \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0641\u0629 15 \u0645\u0645\u061b 4. \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643. 5. 6.1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628. 6. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361642\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361642\" style=\"width: 717px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361642\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/w-1-300x212.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"717\" height=\"507\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361642\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 H \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u06211. \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 H\u061b 2. \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0634\u0641\u0629. 3. \u0634\u0641\u0629 15 \u0645\u0645\u061b 4. \u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643. 5. \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 3.1 \u0645\u0644\u0645 4\u061b 6. 6.1 \u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 3 \u061b \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0645 8. \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632. 9. \u062e\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629) \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0635\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 (II) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0647\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361643\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361643\" style=\"width: 716px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361643\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/555-1-300x279.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"716\" height=\"666\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361643\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (1. \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f 2. \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f 3. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f 4. \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a 5. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f 6. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 7. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a 8. \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a &#8211; \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621&#8221; \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (DC).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629). \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361644\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361644\" style=\"width: 715px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361644\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%8A-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%AF-HER-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AF-ClER-300x270.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"715\" height=\"643\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361644\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f HER \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f ClER<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f: 2 H2O + 2 e- -&gt; 2 OH- + H2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f: 2 Cl- -&gt; Cl2 + 2 e-<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a: 2 NaCl + 2 H2O -&gt; 2 Na + Cl2 + H2 + 2 OH-<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644<\/strong><strong>\u0625<\/strong><strong>\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">1- \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">2- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">3- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">4- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">5- \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">6- \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361645\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361645\" style=\"width: 717px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361645\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%83-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%8C-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A1-300x95.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"717\" height=\"227\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361645\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 (NaOH) \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (NaCl) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (Na) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (Cl2). \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (Na+) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a (Na)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f (Cl-) \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 (Cl2) \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 2NaCl \u2192 2Na + Cl2 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361646\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361646\" style=\"width: 719px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361646\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%83-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-300x163.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"719\" height=\"391\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361646\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361647\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361647\" style=\"width: 717px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361647\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"717\" height=\"717\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361647\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361648\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361648\" style=\"width: 724px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361648\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF-300x265.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"724\" height=\"639\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361648\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 (A-Si) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 (CdTe) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 1 \u0645\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a (CIGS) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 14% \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_361649\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-361649\" style=\"width: 706px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-361649\" src=\"https:\/\/clicknetco.com\/ecoworld\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%8C-%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D8%8C-%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A-300x94.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"706\" height=\"221\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-361649\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 19.9% \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2030.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">* \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: https:\/\/ar.kindle-tech.com\/<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":361638,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,52,13,62],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-361637","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-slider","8":"category-newsline","9":"category-13","10":"category-62"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=361637"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361637\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/361638"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=361637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=361637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ecoworld-sy.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=361637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}